Japanese soldiers fell.

10 15.

But more kept coming.

They had numbers.

They had discipline.

And they had orders to retake this ground at any cost.

Jackson’s first magazine ran dry.

He reloaded his last 20 rounds.

The Marines were down to their final clips.

The squad’s bar man had cleared his jam, but had only one magazine remaining.

The mathematics had turned against them again.

Four Americans with perhaps 60 rounds between them against 25 Japanese soldiers still advancing.

Then the coral ridge behind the Japanese erupted in explosions.

The seventh Marines had pushed three rifle platoons through the gaps Jackson had created.

40 men with rifles, bars, and grenades.

They had circled behind the Japanese counterattack force.

They had waited for the right moment.

That moment was now.

The Japanese found themselves caught between two American forces.

Jackson and his three Marines in front, 40 Marines behind.

The crossfire was devastating.

Japanese soldiers fell in clusters.

Some tried to retreat to their tunnel entrance.

Marines cut them down before they reached it.

In less than 3 minutes, the counterattack was over.

40 Japanese soldiers laid dead on the coral.

The southern perimeter’s last reserve was gone.

Six pill boxes remained.

And now Jackson had ammunition.

He had grenades.

He had 40 marines ready to follow him into the final positions.

The largest bunker complex on the southern peninsula sat 300 yd ahead.

Three pill boxes arranged in a triangle, mutually supporting, heavily manned.

The Japanese had concentrated their remaining defenders in this final strong point.

Jackson checked his weapon, checked his grenades, looked at the Marines forming up around him.

The last fight was about to begin.

The triangle formation was the strongest Japanese defensive position on the southern peninsula.

Three pill boxes, each one covering the approaches to the other two.

Approximately 30 soldiers divided among the three bunkers, plus a network of rifle pits and fighting holes connecting the positions.

Standard marine doctrine called for preparatory bombardment before assaulting a fortified position of this size.

Naval gunfire, air support, at minimum, a barrage from the regiment’s mortar platoon.

None of that was available.

The naval guns had moved on to support operations elsewhere.

Marine Corsaires were busy attacking targets on the northern ridges.

The mortar teams could not fire without hitting the Marines already advancing through the area.

43 Americans would take the triangle with rifles, grenades, and one man who had already proven that concrete walls could not stop him.

Jackson organized the assault in less than 2 minutes.

He used hand signals, pointed at positions, divided the Marines into three groups.

Each group would attack one pillbox simultaneously.

Jackson would take the center bunker, the largest one, the one with the best fields of fire.

The Marines moved out at 0847.

They had been fighting for over an hour.

The temperature had climbed past 105°.

Dehydration was becoming a factor.

Several men showed signs of heat exhaustion.

They kept moving anyway.

Jackson led his group of 12 Marines toward the center pillbox.

The approach required crossing 60 yards of open ground.

No cover, no concealment, just volcanic rock baked white by the Pacific sun.

The Japanese opened fire when the Marines were halfway across.

Two men fell in the first 3 seconds, one dead, one wounded in the leg.

The remaining 10 kept running.

They had learned from Jackson’s earlier assaults.

Speed was survival.

Hesitation was death.

Jackson reached the bunker wall first.

He pressed against the concrete and pulled the pin on a Japanese grenade.

The Type 97 had a four to 5second fuse.

He counted to two.

Threw the grenade through the firing slit.

Ducked.

The explosion silenced one machine gun, but the bunker had two firing positions.

The second gun kept shooting.

Marines outside were dying.

Jackson pulled another grenade, counted, threw.

Another explosion.

The second gun went quiet.

He climbed to the roof and found the ventilation shaft, shoved his BAR into the opening, emptied his magazine into the darkness below.

Screams echoed up through the concrete.

Then silence.

The center pillbox was dead.

On his left, the first assault group had reached their target.

A Marine corporal had shoved a satchel charge through the firing slit.

The explosion collapsed half the bunker’s roof.

Japanese survivors stumbled out into Marine rifle fire.

On his right, the third group was struggling.

Their pillbox had a reinforced entrance facing away from the Marine advance.

Japanese soldiers inside were throwing grenades faster than the Americans could close the distance.

Jackson did not hesitate.

He sprinted across the open ground between bunkers.

Bullets kicked up coral around his feet.

A round grazed his thigh.

He kept running.

He reached the third pill box from its blind side.

The same blind side the Marines could not approach because of the entrance on the opposite wall.

Jackson found the ventilation shaft.

He had two grenades left.

He dropped them both into the opening.

The explosions killed everyone inside.

Three pill boxes destroyed in less than four minutes.

The triangle had fallen, but Jackson was bleeding.

The bullet that grazed his thigh had cut deeper than he realized.

Blood soaked his dungaree trousers.

His left leg was weakening with every step.

He looked south.

The remaining three pill boxes stood between the Marines and complete control of the southern peninsula.

Jackson had killed approximately 50 Japanese soldiers, destroyed nine bunkers, been wounded at least once.

The logical thing was to stop, get medical attention, let fresh Marines finish the job.

Jackson loaded his last magazine, and started walking south.

A Marine sergeant grabbed his arm, pointed at the blood, pointed at the aid station behind them.

Jackson pulled his arm free.

Three pill boxes remained.

He was not finished.

The 10th pill box fell at 0912.

Jackson killed its five defenders with grenades dropped through the ventilation shaft.

His leg was still bleeding.

He had wrapped a torn piece of dungaree fabric around the wound.

It was not enough.

Blood seeped through the makeshift bandage with every step.

The 11th pillbox fell at 0921.

This one required help.

Jackson’s ammunition was exhausted.

A Marine private named Henderson brought up a satchel charge.

Jackson placed it.

The explosion killed seven Japanese soldiers.

The 12th pillbox was the last.

It sat on a small rise overlooking the beach where the seventh Marines had landed 3 days earlier.

The position had been firing on Marine supply party since D-Day.

Its two machine guns had killed at least 15 Americans.

The bunker’s commander had watched 11 pill boxes fall that morning.

He knew he was next.

Jackson approached from the northeast.

His leg had stopped responding properly.

He was dragging it more than walking.

Blood loss was affecting his vision.

The coral ridges seemed to shimmer in the 100° heat.

Three Marines followed him.

They had refused to let him assault the final position alone.

One carried extra grenades.

One carried a flamethrower.

One carried a bar with ammunition to spare.

The Japanese opened fire at 100 yards.

The marine with the BAR returned fire.

suppressive burst that forced the enemy gunners to duck.

Jackson and the other two kept moving.

At 50 yards, the flamethrower operator stepped forward.

The M2 flamethrower had an effective range of 40 yard.

He needed to get closer.

Jackson provided cover.

He took the bar from the supporting marine and fired in controlled bursts.

The weapon kicked against his shoulder.

His wounded leg buckled.

He dropped to one knee and kept shooting.

The flamethrower operator reached effective range.

He triggered a 3-second burst.

Burning fuel arked through the air and poured into the pillbox’s firing slit.

The screaming lasted less than 10 seconds.

At 0933, the 12th pillbox fell silent.

Jackson collapsed against a coral boulder.

His dungarees were soaked with blood.

His hands shook from exhaustion and adrenaline.

His bar lay across his lap, barrel still hot from the final assault.

In approximately 90 minutes, Private First Class Arthur Jackson had destroyed 12 Japanese pillboxes and killed 50 enemy soldiers.

He had broken the southern defensive line.

He had enabled his platoon’s advance.

He had changed the tactical situation on an entire sector of the island.

Navy corman reached him within minutes.

They cut away his blood soaked trousers and dressed the wound.

The bullet had passed through muscle without hitting bone or artery.

Jackson would keep his leg.

He would also keep fighting.

3 days later, still limping, Jackson was back in combat.

Word of his assault spread through the seventh Marines within hours.

Officers who had watched the attack from observation posts described what they had seen.

A single Marine charging positions that should have required company level assaults.

Pillboxes falling one after another.

50 Japanese dead.

The regimental commander forwarded a report to division headquarters.

Division forwarded it to core.

By the time Peloo was declared secure on November 27th, Arthur Jackson’s name had reached the desk of Admiral Chester Nimttz.

The Medal of Honor recommendation was submitted in early October.

The citation detailed every pillbox, every kill, every moment of the 90-minute assault.

The paperwork moved through channels with unusual speed.

On October 5th, 1945, President Harry Truman stood in the White House.

13 months had passed since Pelu.

The war was over.

Japan had surrendered, and Arthur Jackson, now 20 years old, stood at attention while the president placed the Medal of Honor around his neck.

Truman read the citation aloud.

12 pill boxes, 50 Japanese soldiers, conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty.

Jackson returned to Oregon after the ceremony.

He had a medal.

He had a limp that would never fully heal.

And he had memories that would follow him for the rest of his life.

What those memories did to him over the next seven decades would surprise everyone who thought they knew the hero of Peloo.

Arthur Jackson did not talk about Peloo for decades.

He returned to Portland after the war.

Married, raised a family, worked for the United States Postal Service, delivering mail.

His neighbors knew him as a quiet man who walked with a slight limp.

Most had no idea about the metal in his closet.

Jackson remained in the military reserves.

He transferred from the Marine Corps to the Army Reserve and continued serving through the Korean War era.

He rose to the rank of captain.

He trained younger soldiers.

He never spoke about the 12 pill boxes.

In 1961, Jackson was stationed at Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in Cuba.

Cold War tensions were high.

Soviet influence in Cuba had transformed the island into hostile territory.

Jackson served as a security officer responsible for monitoring potential espionage threats.

On September 30th, a Cuban worker named Ruben Sabargo attacked Jackson.

Sabargo had been under suspicion for passing information to Cuban intelligence.

The confrontation turned violent.

Jackson shot and killed Sabargo in self-defense.

The incident created complications.

Jackson buried the body and reported the shooting to his superiors.

The case became entangled in Cold War politics.

Jackson requested a court marshal to clear his name officially.

The Marine Corps denied his request.

In 1962, he left active service.

The circumstances haunted Jackson for years.

He had killed 50 men on Pelu and received the Medal of Honor.

He had killed one man at Guantanamo and received only silence.

But time has a way of restoring perspective.

Jackson continued his reserve service in the army until 1984.

He retired as a captain with 40 years of combined military service.

He moved to Idaho.

He began speaking publicly about his experiences.

He visited schools.

He talked to veterans groups.

He shared what he had learned about courage and fear and the cost of survival.

In 2011 at age 86, Jackson visited the USS Peloo.

The Navy had named an amphibious assault ship after the battle where he had earned his medal.

Jackson walked the decks.

He spoke to more than 1,000 sailors and marines assembled in the hangar bay.

He told them about the 14-lb canned ham his mess sergeant had made him carry during the landing.

He told them about the pill boxes.

He told them about the men who did not come home.

He presented the ship’s captain with his Medal of Honor flag, one of only two flags each recipient receives.

The captain had it framed and placed in the ship’s hall of heroes alongside photographs of the eight Marines who earned the Medal of Honor at Peloo.

Jackson was the last surviving Medal of Honor recipient from that battle.

On June 14th, 2017, Arthur Jackson died in Boise, Idaho.

He was 92 years old.

Marine Corps bodybearers from Bravo Company, Marine Barracks, Washington, carried his remains.

Full military honors marked his burial at the Idaho State Veteran Cemetery.

50 Japanese soldiers had tried to stop one 19-year-old Marine on September 18th, 1944.

Every single one of them died.

The Marine lived another 73 years.

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