Today we reflect on a deep betrayal of human dignity.

The abduction of millions of Africans stolen from families and communities they would never see again.

I’ve often said the transatlantic slave trade was a crime against humanity that struck at the core of personhood, broke up families, and devastated communities.

I welcome the steps some countries are taking to apologize for their role in the evil of slavery and to join an honest dialogue about its lasting consequences.

Now that was the reflective speech of the United Nations Secretary on March 25th, 2026 when the world gathered in the chambers of the United Nations General Assembly to vote on something that on the surface should have been obvious.

The resolution asked the international community to recognize the transatlantic slave trade.

The system that violently removed millions of Africans from their homes and reduced them to property as the gravest crime against humanity.

Not merely a tragedy, not merely an unfortunate chapter of history, but a crime so vast, so brutal, and so transformative that it reshaped the world itself.

When the votes were counted, the outcome seemed to reveal a powerful consensus.

123 nations voted in favor.

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Only three nations voted against.

One of them was the United States.

The others were Israel and Argentina.

Meanwhile, 52 countries abstained, including several Western powers.

And with that, the world witnessed something deeply uncomfortable.

A historic moment meant to acknowledge one of humanity’s darkest crimes suddenly raised an equally troubling question.

Why would a nation so deeply tied to that history refuse to recognize it in the strongest possible terms? The resolution proposed by Ghana call for this designation while also urging UN member states to consider apologizing for the slave trade and contributing to a reparations fund.

Ghana said the resolution was needed because the consequences of slavery persist today.

The slave trade saw between 12.

5 and 15 million Africans abducted and sold between the 15th and 19th centuries.

And those harms include enduring racial disparities.

Ghana’s President John Dmani Mama, a key architect of the resolution, said the resolution’s passing was a route to healing and repairative justice.

President John Muhammad told the assembly ahead of the vote that let it be recorded that when history beckoned, we did what was right for the memory of the millions who suffered the indignity of the slave trade and those who continue to suffer racial discrimination.

Each step bringing us closer to the kind of world we would want to leave for our children.

And so delegates on this beautiful day in March were called to stand on the right side of history.

Let it be recorded that when history beckoned, we did what was right for the memory of the millions who suffered the indignity of the slave trade and those who continue to suffer racial discrimination.

Let our vote on this resolution restore their dignity dignity and humanity.

Before the vote, President Muhammad warned that American schools had been discouraged from teaching about slavery and racism.

He called the adoption of such a resolution a safeguard against forgetting.

He added that it also challenges the enduring scars of slavery.

and he congratulated everyone who worked together to recognize the unparalleled inhumity of acts of slavery and most of all those people who have been meant to be forgotten.

The black slaves who perish in in the untellable agony of this dark history.

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This success goes to all of you but most of all it goes to those who people wanted to be forgotten.

This has gone on a record and the record of the universal body that we all accept, the United Nations, that this was the gravest crime against humanity.

His foreign minister, Samuel Okudetto Ablakqua earlier told the BBC News day program that we are demanding compensation.

And let us be clear, African leaders are not asking for money for themselves.

He said, “We want justice for the victims and causes to be supported, including educational and endowment funds and skills training funds.

” The campaign for reparations has gained significant momentum in recent years.

Reparatory justice was the African Union’s official theme for 2025, and Commonwealth leaders have jointly called for dialogue on the matter.

The resolution backed by the African Union and the Caribbean community states that the consequences of slavery persist in the form of racial inequalities and underdevelopment affecting Africans and people of African descent in all parts of the world.

Many generations continue to suffer the exclusion and the racism because of the transatlantic slave trade which has left millions separated from the continent and impoverished.

Ghana’s foreign minister told the BBC.

As the resolution went ahead in New York, the British member of Parliament Bel Ribero Addi presented a petition to the House of Commons pushing for a state apology by the United Kingdom for its key role in slavery and colonialism of Africans.

Part of the petition reads, “So many of the intersecting global challenges we now face are rooted in the legacies of enslavement and empire.

From geopolitical instability to racism, inequality, underdevelopment, and climate breakdown.

To truly confront these issues, we must acknowledge where they come from.

This happened for four centuries.

More than 15 million Africans were trafficked across the Atlantic by seven European nations, including the UK.

The scale of child slavery was such that 18th and 19th century abolitionists coined the term crime against humanity to describe it.

Historians have also linked wealth from enslavement to mass industrialization in the west.

When it is framed as a trade, it distorts the trade reality.

Jasmine Mickens, a post-graduate student of history and government at Harvard University, remarked, “It was not a consensual joint business enterprise.

” “The Netherlands remains the only European country to have issued a formal apology for its role in slavery.

The African Union has declared from 2026 to 2035 the decade of action on reparations.

And Ghana, which has among the most slave force and castles in the world, is leading the charge.

Ghana’s foreign minister had written before the vote that the trafficking of enslaved Africans and the centuries of racialized child enslavement that followed have not been resolved.

The African Union urges member states to engage in dialogue on reparations, including issuing formal apologies, returning stolen artifacts, providing financial compensation, and ensuring guarantees of non-repetition.

Despite long-standing calls for reparations, there’s been a growing backlash.

Several Western leaders have opposed even discussing the subject with critics arguing that today’s states and institutions should not be held responsible for historical wrongs.

Countries like the US voted against the accord during the debate, saying the US does not recognize illegal rights or reparations for historical wrongs that were not illegal under international law at the time they occurred.

The US ambassador to the UN objected to what he called the cynical usage of historical wrongs as a leverage point to reallocate modern resources to people and nations who are distantly related to the historical victims.

So the troubling question arises, why would a nation so deeply tied to the history of brutal enslavement refuse to recognize it in the strongest possible terms? the crime that built the world.

To understand why this vote matters, one must first understand what slavery actually was.

Too often, slavery is described in cold academic language as labor systems, economic structures, or historical institutions.

But the reality was far more horrifying.

Between the 15th and 19th centuries, more than 12.

5 million Africans were forcibly taken from their homes and shipped across the Atlantic Ocean.

They were kidnapped.

They were marched for hundreds of miles.

They were chained together.

They were forced onto overcrowded ships in conditions so grotesque that death often became the only escape.

This journey was known as a middle passage.

Inside the hulls of slave ships, human beings were stacked like cargo.

Sometimes packed so tightly they could barely move.

Many suffocated.

Many died from disease.

Many chose suicide rather than continue living as property.

Those who survived arrived in the Americas to face something equally devastating.

They were no longer people.

They were commodities.

This was a system designed to erase humanity.

Slavery in the Americas was not merely forced labor.

It was racialized cattle slavery.

This meant that African people and their descendants were legally classified as property for life.

Not workers, not prisoners.

Property.

Children born to enslaved mothers automatically became slaves.

Families could be separated at auction.

A husband could be sold to one plantation, a wife to another, children to someone else entirely.

There was no law protecting them.

They could be whipped, branded, mutilated, or killed, often without punishment for the slave owner.

Slavery was not simply exploitation.

It was the systematic destruction of human identity.

Enslaved Africans were stripped of their names, their languages, their religions, their families, their cultures, their histories, their freedom.

They were reduced to a single purpose: profit.

What makes slavery even more disturbing is not just the brutality, it is the scale of the wealth it generated.

The modern global economy was heavily shaped by slave labor.

Sugar plantations in the Caribbean, cotton plantations in the American South, coffee plantations in Brazil, all depended on enslaved African labor.

Cotton produced by enslaved people fueled the textile industries of Europe.

Sugar grown by enslaved workers became a staple of global trade.

Entire banking systems, insurance industries, and shipping empires were built around the buying, selling, and transporting of enslaved human beings.

The result, the labor of enslaved Africans helped build enormous wealth in nations like the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Portugal, Spain, and the Netherlands.

Meanwhile, the regions from which Africans were taken were left destabilized, depopulated, and economically weakened.

This is one reason many historians say slavery did not merely harm individuals.

It restructured the world.

Even after slavery officially ended in the 19th century, its consequences did not disappear.

They evolved.

Former slave societies created new systems to maintain racial hierarchy, segregation, colonial domination, racial discrimination, economic exclusion.

In the United States, slavery was followed by Jim Crow laws, lynching, racial segregation, systemic discrimination.

Across the Atlantic world, the legacy of slavery created persistent inequalities.

Communities descended from enslaved Africans often remain among the most economically marginalized populations in many societies today.

The United Nations itself acknowledges that racist ideologies created to justify slavery became embedded in institutions and societies and continue shaping inequality today.

So when nations call for reparations, they are not simply asking for compensation for something that happened centuries ago.

They are asking for recognition that the consequence of that system are still unfolding.

The 2026 United Nations resolution specifically calls for measures such as formal apologies, restitution, compensation, and the return of stolen cultural artifacts.

Supporters argue that these actions are not about punishing modern societies.

They are about acknowledging historical injustice and repairing its lingering consequences.

The 2026 resolution proposed by Ghana and supported by the African Union and the Caribbean community sought to do something profound.

It called for a formal declaration that the trafficking and enslavement of Africans was the gravest crime against humanity.

Supporters emphasized that the goal was not to rank suffering among tragedies.

Instead, they argued that the transatlantic slave trade was unique because it reorganized the world into a global hierarchy of race, labor, and power.

A system whose effects still shape modern society.

In the end, 123 countries supported the resolution, but the United States voted against it.

And why? The United States called the resolution problematic.

American representatives said the wording created a hierarchy of atrocities by labeling one crime as the gravest.

They also objected to the possibility of legal claims for reparations tied to events that were not illegal under international law at the time they occurred.

In other words, the concern was largely legal and political.

But critics argue that this explanation misses the deeper moral question because the issue before the world was not simply legal.

It was historical and ethical.

But here’s the question that will not go away.

Here’s the uncomfortable truth.

The United States was not just a distant observer of slavery.

It was one of the largest slave societies in human history.

At its peak in the 19th century, nearly 4 million people were enslaved within its borders.

American plantations produced vast amounts of cotton that powered the industrial revolution.

Banks, universities, and corporations built wealth from slavery.

Even the nation’s founding political compromises were shaped by it.

The infamous three-fifths compromise counted enslaved people as three-fifths of a person for representation while giving them no rights at all.

So when the United States votes against recognizing slavery as the gravest crime against humanity, critics naturally ask, “What exactly is being resisted? Is it the wording, the legal implications, or the deeper conversation about responsibility? But what about the moral weight of recognition? Because recognition matters.

Because history shapes identity, it shapes memory.

And it shapes justice.

When nations openly acknowledge past crimes, they create space for reconciliation.

Germany’s acknowledgement of the Holocaust is often cited as an example of how confronting historical wrongdoing can become part of national accountability.

But when nations resist that recognition, it can create the impression that history is still being avoided.

And for many descendants of enslaved Africans, that avoidance feels like a continuation of injustice.

To this effect, the 2026 vote reveals something important.

Much of the world, especially Africa, the Caribbean, and parts of the global south, believes the time has come for serious conversations about historical justice.

Meanwhile, many Western countries remain cautious or resistant, fearing legal liability or political consequences.

The resolution itself is nonbinding, meaning it does not force any nation to pay reparations.

But it carries enormous symbolic power because it formally names what slavery was.

A crime against humanity on a scale the world can never fully comprehend.

Here’s what this moment means.

History often moves slowly, sometimes painfully slowly, but moments like this show that the global conversation about slavery is changing.

For centuries, the suffering of enslaved Africans was minimized or ignored.

Today, it is increasingly recognized as one of the defining injustices of human history.

The 2026 United Nations vote may not have created immediate policy changes, but it did something equally powerful.

It forced the world to ask a question that can no longer be ignored.

If humanity can recognize the horrors of slavery, shouldn’t it also acknowledge the responsibility to repair the damage it left behind? I would like to hear your reflection on this in the comment section.

And that is why this debate matters because history is not just about the past.

It is about what we choose to do with the truth once we finally face it.

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Thank you for watching.